Encapsulation

In Java, encapsulation refers to the bundling of data and methods that operate on that data into a single unit known as class. It provides a way to control access to the data within those objects.

Getter Methods

• A getter method is used to retrieve the value of a private data member.
• It provides controlled access to the data by returning the value.
• The name of a getter method usually starts with "get" followed by the name of the data member it accesses.

Setter Methods

• A setter method is used to modify the value of a private data member.
• It provides controlled access to the data by accepting a new value as a parameter.
• The name of a setter method typically starts with "set" followed by the name of the data member it modifies.

Encapsulation Example

In this example;

• The Person class has a private data member "name" which is encapsulated.
• The constructor is initializing the value of "name".
• In main class, we create Person object which can access public data members.
• The getName method allows you to access "name" using dot operator in main function.
• The setName method sets the value of "name".

This demonstrates how encapsulation allows you to control access to class fields and maintain data integrity.